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<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>layman</title>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Gunnar</firstname>
<surname>Wrobel</surname>
<affiliation>
<address>
<email>wrobel@gentoo.org</email>
<otheraddr>
<ulink url="http://gunnarwrobel.de" />
</otheraddr>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<copyright>
<year>2006</year>
<holder>Gunnar Wrobel</holder>
</copyright>
</articleinfo>
<section>
<title>Reference</title>
<refentry>
<refentryinfo>
<title>layman</title>
<date>February 2006</date>
<productname>Gentoo Linux</productname>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>layman</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>layman</refname>
<refpurpose>
manage your local repository of gentoo overlays
</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-a</arg>
<arg>--add</arg>
</group>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>ALL</arg>
<arg><replaceable>overlay</replaceable></arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-d</arg>
<arg>--delete</arg>
</group>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>ALL</arg>
<arg><replaceable>overlay</replaceable></arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-s</arg>
<arg>--sync</arg>
</group>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>ALL</arg>
<arg><replaceable>overlay</replaceable></arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-S</arg>
<arg>--sync-all</arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-L</arg>
<arg>--list</arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-l</arg>
<arg>--list-local</arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-f</arg>
<arg>--fetch</arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-n</arg>
<arg>--nofetch</arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-k</arg>
<arg>--nocheck</arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-q</arg>
<arg>--quiet</arg>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>layman</command>
<group choice="plain">
<arg>-Q</arg>
<arg>--quietness</arg>
<group choice="plain">
<arg><replaceable>0-4</replaceable></arg>
</group>
</group>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para><command>layman</command> is a script that allows you to
add, remove and update gentoo overlays from a variety of
sources.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>WARNING</title>
<para><command>layman</command> makes it easy to retrieve and
update overlays for gentoo. In addition it makes it TRIVIAL
to break your system.
</para>
<para>The main portage tree provides you with high quality ebuilds
that are all maintained by gentoo developers. This will not
be the case for most of the overlays you can get by using
<command>layman</command>. Thus you are removing the
security shield that the standard tree provides for
you. You should keep that in mind when installing ebuilds
from an overlay.
</para>
<para>To ensure the security of your system you MUST read the
source of the ebuild you are about to install.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Handling overlays</title>
<para><command>layman</command> intends to provide easy
maintenance of gentoo overlays while not requiring any
configuration.
</para>
<refsect2>
<title>Remote overlay lists</title>
<para><command>layman</command> allows you to fetch an overlay
without the need to modify any configuration files. In
order for this to be possible the script needs an external
list of possible overlay sources. There will be a
centralized list available <ulink
url="http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/overlays/layman-global.txt">here</ulink>,
but nothing will prevent you from using or publishing your
own list of overlays. The location of the remote lists can
also be modified using the <option>--overlays</option> option
when running <command>layman</command>.
</para>
<para>To get a new overlay added to the central list provided
for layman, send a mail to
<email>overlays@gentoo.org</email>. Gentoo developers may
add their overlay entries directly into the list which can
be accessed over the CVS repository for the Gentoo
website.
</para>
<para>You can also use several lists at the same time. Just
add one url per line to the overlays variable in your
configuration file. <command>layman</command> will merge the
contents of all lists.
</para>
<para><command>layman</command> also allows you to define
local files in this list. Just make sure you prepend these
pathnames in standard URL notation
with <filename>file://</filename>.
</para>
<para>If you need to use a proxy for access to the internet,
you can use the corresponding variable in
the <command>layman</command> configuration file. Layman
will also respect the <command>http_proxy</command>
environment variable in case you set it.
</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Local cache</title>
<para><command>layman</command> stores a local copy of the
fetched remote list. It will be stored in
<filename>/usr/portage/local/layman/cache.xml</filename>
by default. There exists only one such cache file and it
will be overwritten every time you
run <command>layman</command>.
</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Handling <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename></title>
<para>Since <command>layman</command> is designed to
automatically handle the inclusion of overlays into your
system it needs to be able to modify
the <command>PORTDIR_OVERLAY</command> variable in your
<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> file. But
<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> is a very central and
essential configuration file for a gentoo
system. Automatically modifying this file would be
somewhat dangerous. You can
allow <command>layman</command> to do this by setting
the <command>make_conf</command> variable in the
configuration file to <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename>.
</para>
<para>A much safer and in fact recommended solution to the
problem is to let <command>layman</command> handle an
external file that only contains
the <command>PORTDIR_OVERLAY</command> variable and is
sourced within the
standard <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> file. Just add the following line to the end of your
<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> file:
</para>
<para>source /usr/portage/local/layman/make.conf</para>
<para><filename>/usr/portage/local/layman/make.conf</filename>
is the default provided in the layman
configuration. Change this filename in case you decide to
store it somewhere else.
</para>
<para>The file does not necessarily need to exist at the
beginning. If it is missing, layman will create it for you.
</para>
<para>There is also no need to remove the
original <command>PORTDIR_OVERLAY</command> variable from
the make.conf file. Layman will simply add new overlays to
this variable and all your old entries will remain in there.
</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Adding, removing and updating overlays</title>
<para>Once a remote list of overlays has been fetched,
<command>layman</command> allows to add overlays from the
remote list to your system. The script will try to fetch
the overlay. If this is successful the overlay information
will be copied from the cache to the list of locally
installed overlays. In addition
<command>layman</command> will modify the
<command>PORTDIR_OVERLAY</command> variable to include the
new overlay path.
</para>
<para>Removing the overlay with <command>layman</command> will
delete the overlay without leaving any traces behind.
</para>
<para>In order to update all overlays managed by
<command>layman</command> you can run the script with the
<option>--sync ALL</option> option or
the <option>--sync-all</option> flag.
</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>List overlays</title>
<para><command>layman</command> provides the
<option>--list</option> and <option>--list-local</option>
options to print a list of available respectively
installed overlays.
</para>
<para> Listing will prepend all fully supported overlays
with a green asterisk, all non-official overlays with a
yellow asterisk and all overlays that you will not be able
to use since you do not have the necessary tools installed
with a red asterisk.
</para>
<para> In the default mode layman will be strict about
listing overlays and only present you with overlays that
are fully supported. In addition it will complain about
overlays that are missing a description field or a contact
attribute. This type of behaviour has been added with
layman-1.0.7 and if you'd like to return to the old
behaviour you may use the k option flag or set the nocheck
option in the configuration file.
</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Overlay types</title>
<para>Currently <command>layman</command> supports overlays that
are exported via <command>rsync</command>,
<command>subversion</command>, <command>bzr</command>,
<command>darcs</command>, <command>git</command>,
<command>mercurial</command> or provided
as <command>tar</command> packages.
</para>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Actions</title>
<para>List of possible <command>layman</command> actions.</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-f</option></term>
<term><option>--fetch</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Fetches the remote list of overlays. You will
usually NOT need to explicitely specify this option. The
fetch operation will be performed automatically once you
run the sync, sync-all, or list action. You can prevent
this automatic fetching using the --nofetch option.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-a</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--add</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Add the given overlay from the cached remote list to
your locally installed overlays. Specify "ALL" to add
all overlays from the remote list.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-d</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--delete</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Remove the given overlay from your locally installed
overlays. Specify "ALL" to remove all overlays</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-s</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--sync</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Update the specified overlay. Use "ALL" as
parameter to synchronize all overlays</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-i</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--info</option> <replaceable>overlay</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Display all available information about the specified overlay.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-S</option></term>
<term><option>--sync-all</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Update all overlays. Shortcut for -s ALL.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-L</option></term>
<term><option>--list</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>List the contents of the remote list.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-l</option></term>
<term><option>--list-local</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>List the locally installed overlays.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Options</title>
<para>List of available <command>layman</command> options.</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-c</option> <replaceable>path</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--config</option> <replaceable>path</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Path to an alternative configuration file.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-o</option> <replaceable>url</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--overlays</option> <replaceable>url</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Specifies the location of additional overlay
lists. You can use this flag several times and the
specified urls will get temporarily appended to the list
of urls you specified in your config file. You may also
specify local file urls by prepending the path with
file://. This option will only append the URL for this
specific layman run - edit your config file to add a URL
permanently. So this is useful for testing purposes.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-n</option></term>
<term><option>--nofetch</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Prevents <command>layman</command> from
automatically fetching the remote lists of overlays. The
default behaviour for <command>layman</command> is to
update all remote lists if you run the sync, list or
fetch operation.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-k</option></term>
<term><option>--nocheck</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Prevents <command>layman</command> from checking
the remote lists of overlays for complete overlay
definitions. The default behaviour for layman is to
reject overlays that do not provide a description or a
contact attribute.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-q</option></term>
<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Makes <command>layman</command> completely quiet.
This option is dangerous: If the processes spawned by
layman when adding or synchronizing overlays require
any input layman will hang without telling you
why. This might happen for example if your overlay
resides in subversion and the SSL certificate of
the server needs acceptance.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-v</option></term>
<term><option>--verbose</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Makes <command>layman</command> more verbose and
you will receive a description of the overlays you can
download.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-N</option></term>
<term><option>--nocolor</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Remove color codes from the <command>layman</command>
output.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-Q</option><replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--quietness</option><replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Makes <command>layman</command> less verbose.
Choose a value between 0 and 4 with 0 being completely
quiet. Once you set this below 3, the same warning as
given for --quiet applies.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-p</option><replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></term>
<term><option>--priority</option><replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Use this option in combination with
the <command>--add</command>. It will modify the
priority of the added overlay and thus influence the
order of entries in the make.conf file. The lower the
priority, the earlier in the list the entry will be
mentioned. Use a value between 0 and 100. The default
value is 50.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Examples</title>
<refsect2>
<title>Installing an overlay</title>
<para><userinput>layman -f -a wrobel</userinput></para>
<para>This would add the overlay with the id
<command>wrobel</command> to your list of installed
overlays.</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Syncing your overlays</title>
<para><userinput>layman -s ALL</userinput></para>
<para>This updates all overlays</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Performing several actions at the same time</title>
<para><userinput>layman -f -a wrobel -a webapps-experimental</userinput></para>
<para>This fetches the remote list and immediately adds two
overlays</para>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Files</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/layman/layman.cfg</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Configuration file, holding the defaults for
<command>layman</command></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
</section>
</article>
|